The Fight for Disability Rights Lesson by Junior Scholastic
A lesson plan based on the Scholastic article “The Fight for Disability Rights,” where students learn about the Americans with Disabilities Act.
Image Description: Junior Scholastic logo above text “The Fight for Disability Rights” and a photo of Judy Heumann speaking at a rally in 1977. She is wearing a big round button that says “Sign 504”
FDR Hiding his Disability Lesson
Students will engage in discussion about the Stigma associated with disability. They will then learn about FDR and how illness made him lose the ability to fully walk. They will then learn about how FDR, the people around him, and the press worked to keep his disability as secret as possible. This will lead to a discussion about the impact of his decision to hide his disability, and how taking a prideful approach to his disability could have changed how people perceived him and others with disabilities.
Image description: photograph of Franklin D. Roosevelt
Global Development of Disability Rights: Timeline and Maps
High school students will explore the development of disability rights within various countries and time periods. Working together in groups, students will select a country of focus. Each group will collaborate to create timelines and maps, trace key events, legislation, and influential figures surrounding disability in their country.
This lesson fosters a deeper understanding of how geographical and historical contexts have shaped the accessibility and inclusion of people with disabilities. Through research and analysis of primary and secondary sources, students will develop their skills in historical inquiry and geographical interpretation, while gaining a comprehensive view of the global disability rights movement.
Image Description: blue accessible icon on a cloud background with a blue and green globe in the center of the wheelchair’s wheel.
Happy Paintings - The Art of Maud Lewis
In this lesson, students will learn about the art of Maud Lewis, a prolific Canadian folk artist who lived in rural Nova Scotia (Eastern Canada, near the Atlantic Ocean), and worked in the mid-20th century. She is now believed to have been born with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, but it was not diagnosed or treated in her lifetime. Students will learn about her artwork, rooted deeply in the place where she lived, and have the opportunity to keep a sketchbook for a week, and create a painting in Maud Lewis’ style that reflects their own local world. Students will also consider the complex intersections between disability, poverty and the arts that are embedded in Maud’s life story.
Image Description: a painted clam shell that features a red birdhouse in the center, surrounded by colorful flowers and two blue birds on either side. The shell is mounted on a wooden background. The artist's name, "Maud Lewis," is visible on the shell.
Hello Goodbye Dog: Reading about Service/Therapy Dogs and their Important Jobs
Students read Hello Goodbye Dog by Maria Gianferrari and read a short article about how a shelter dog helped a boy with epilepsy to live a safer and more fulfilling life.
Image description: Cover art from the book “Hello Goodbye Dog”
Hephaestus - Greek Mythology
Students will read about Hephaestus. After reading each passage, they will be able to reflect and write about how Hephaestus is portrayed in that specific passage. Using evidence from each passage, the students must justify their opinions.
Image description: Statue of Hephaestus
Hispanic Heritage: Frida Kahlo (Intersectionality of Ableism, Creativity and Feminism) Lesson
Frida Kahlo (1907 - 1954) was a Mexican artist who was influenced by the Mexican Revolution. She experienced a disability at two times in her life. Her determinism helped her cope with the pain of overcoming polio, a difficult marriage and bus-trolley accident. Frida Kahlo’s curiosity and love for nature were often the subjects of her paintings. Known as the “mother of the selfie,” Frida also created more than 200 paintings of herself. This unit of lessons is to recognize the creativity and imagination of Frida Kahlo.
Image description: Photograph of Frida Kahlo against a green floral background
History of Eyeglasses: The Importance of Adaptive Equipment
In this lesson, students will learn about science, history and geography related to eyeglasses. First, they will consider the history of eyeglasses, their impact on vision impairments, and how they are so widespread in America (and other high-income countries) that wearing them is rarely considered to indicate a vision issue; in fact, they are often fashion statements. Then they will explore how access to glasses differs around the world, specifically considering barriers that prevent access. Finally, they will choose their own adaptive device (a list of ideas is provided, but students are welcome to choose their own), and create an infographic that explains: the important benefits to widespread usage of their chosen device, current barriers, and suggest possible solutions.
Image Description: “History of Eyeglasses: The Importance of Adaptive Equipment” in black text on a light green box. On all sides is about a dozen black eyeglasses scattered on a white background.
How to be a Kind Helper Lesson
This lesson teaches students the qualities of being a Kind helper and how to put them into practice. Students will listen to a person with a disability and their personal assistant about what it means to be a Kind helper. After the talk, students will have a chance to ask questions about helping. Students will learn that open communication is key to a Kind helper relationship. Students will learn that a person with a disability can live full productive lives with the help of their personal attendant.
Image description: 9 raised hands with the words “How to be a Kind Helper”
I Deaf-initely Can, Rhett the Heeler
In this lesson, the teacher will read I Deaf-initley Can, Rhett the Heeler, a book about a Deaf girl who adopts a Deaf dog and teaches the dog sign language. The book shows the story from Rhett’s perspective of being chosen into Karlie’s family and learning about the world through sign language.
For discussion, students will think about other methods of communication. The takeaway message for students is that people (and dogs!) can communicate in many different ways—and all of them are valid.
Image Description: Cover of the book “I Deaf-initely Can - Rhett the Heeler” shows a girl and a dog sitting side by side on the grass facing away from us, looking at one another. There is a brown mountain range and sunset in the distance.
Infinite Motifs - the Art of Yayoi Kusama
In this lesson, students will learn about the paintings of Yayoi Kusama, an artist from Japan who is world-renowned for her immersive rooms and graphic paintings. Kusama lives in a supportive facility for people who live with psychiatric conditions, and has done so since the 1970s; the exact nature of her mental health support needs has not been disclosed to the public, but she has described experiencing hallucinations, anxiety, and pain in interviews. As part of this lesson, students will learn about different housing types for people of all abilities. Students will also be able to create either a painting or an infinity room (assignment can vary depending on your classroom materials).
Image Description: A large pumpkin sculpture sits on the grass, yellow and covered in vertical rows of black polka dots in varying sizes
Interdependence Lesson
This lesson will help students understand that we are all interdependent on each other.
Image description: stones leaning against one another forming an arch
Into the Woods: Exploring Disabilities in Fairy Tales and Classic Stories
Using Amanda Leduc’s book “Disfigured: On Fairy Tales, Disability, and Making Space,” as inspiration students will consider different representations of disability in fairy tales and classic stories. They will watch an interview and a reading with Leduc, read 2 texts referenced in her book and learn to identify issues with how disabled people are presented and stereotyped. Students will produce two written assignments. One is an update to a classic story (either Beauty and the Beast or the Little Mermaid); the students will rewrite the classic tale to center and honor experiences of all bodies and abilities. The second assignment is a choice assignment. Students will either rewrite a second tale, or write a 1 page autobiographical story in the style of a fairy tale.
Image Description: The cover of the book “Disfigured: On Fairy Tales, Disability, and Making Space” by Amanda Leduc
It Feels Like Spring: How We Experience the Seasons Through Our Senses
After listening to the book, “Naomi Knows It’s Springtime” by Virginia Kroll, the students will consider how Naomi experiences springtime, and how they experience springtime with the senses they have. Then, they will further explore the tactile experience of springtime objects combined with a Math lesson.
Image description: Cover of the book “Naomi Knows It’s Springtime" showing a grassy field, someone pushing a lawnmower in the background, a girl with braided hair and a dog to her side, tail in the air, facing us seated at a garden
Laura Hershey Poetry Lesson: “You Get Proud By Practicing”
Students will analyze Laura Hershey’s poem, “You Get Proud By Practicing.” A poet, author, and activist, Laura Hershey first published the poem in 1991. To better understand its context, students will learn about neuromuscular diseases, disability activism in the 1980s, and the passing of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). Students will then analyze the poem for repetition and figurative language and understand what Hershey suggests it means to get proud. After discussing the poem, students will write and share their own poems about getting proud using those literary devices.
Image description: photo of Laura Hershey
Mapping the Travels of James Holman - Using a Political Map of the World
NOTE - This lesson works best following a general introduction about using a Political World Map
This lesson introduces students to James Holman, a blind world traveler and travel writer. He became the first blind person recognized for traveling around the world solo in 1832. He wrote extensively about his travels. Students will practice using a World Political Map to locate where he traveled. This exercise also demonstrates one way we can use maps to help us as we study history.
Image Description: “Mapping the Travels of James Holman Using a Political Map of the World” in black on a marigold background. A greyscale world map showing the routes he traveled is below the text.
Maya Angelou Lesson
In this read-aloud of a picture book version of Maya Angelou’s “Life Doesn’t Frighten Me”, students will learn about and discuss fear, what it means to be brave, and how to cope when feeling scared. Students will learn about Maya Angelou and selective mutism, which is an anxiety disorder that Maya Angelou experienced for 5 years during adolescence.
Image description: Sketch of Maya Angelou
Measurement Lesson Plan
This lesson will help teach measurement by having students estimate the width of doorways and then measure doorways to determine if they are wide enough to meet ADA standards.
Image description: 5 wheelchairs with a yellow tape measure curled over them
Mechanical Engineering: Wheels and Gears - How One Invention Can Lead to Another featuring Ralph Teetor
This lesson is a STEM lesson followed by a History lesson with an ELA activity. The STEM lesson explores basic concepts of mechanical engineering and physics while showing that the parts, knowledge and skills used to develop old, even ancient machines can be used to create new machines.
The students will learn that machines are made up of smaller parts and that often the same parts are recombined to make sometimes very different machines. These parts operate according to standard scientific principles. The students will explore wheels and gears as they think about the small parts that machines like bicycles and cars have in common. They will think about how the same parts can be combined to invent new machines.
During the next part of the lesson, the students will learn about Ralph Teetor, the blind mechanical engineer, who built on his knowledge of bicycles and used his degrees in Mechanical Engineering to become a successful businessman and automotive engineer. He invented modern cruise control among many other things, often—but not exclusively—leading to improvements in the design of automobiles.
Students will gain a better idea about how inventors use their existing knowledge and education to invent new things. They will learn that sometimes prejudice leads people to be resistant to new ideas, while imagination, work, and education can lead to new opportunities and inventions. When these students are older, when they think about cruise control, they’ll remember that blind people—just like sighted people—can have a variety of talents, skills, and interests.
Image Description: 4 gears in shades of blue on a background of grey gears
More Than A Wheelchair: Accessibility Symbols
Students will consider the icon of the person in a wheelchair, the “International Symbol of Access.” They will learn about its history and the recent Accessibility Icon project that updated it. They will also consider other disability symbols, both in the US and internationally (such as symbols that indicate Deafness, Hidden Disabilities, and Autism, and how they are used/not used in other countries).
Art extensions include photography assignments to document iconography in their school and in everyday life and new symbol-making where students make new symbols that could replace the wheelchair, and be more inclusive.
Geography extension is a study of symbols and use/news about them in other countries. Students will be assigned a country to study either individually or in groups, and explore disability iconography in that place. This activity would work well as a library-based extension as well.
Image Description: a white and blue reserved parking sign with a traditional wheelchair accessible symbol and a clear backed sticker of the new Accessible Icon in red pasted over it.